Which of the following best describes a major distinction in governance between the Roman and Mongol Empires?

The distinction between the Roman and Mongol Empires in terms of governance is effectively captured by the emphasis the Mongol Empire placed on law and administration compared to the Roman Empire's focus on mobility. The Roman Empire established an extensive network of laws and regulations to maintain order and governance throughout its vast territories. While mobility was key to the Roman military and strategies, they developed a system that was based on a complex legal framework and monumental architecture to solidify their control over diverse regions.

In contrast, the Mongol Empire utilized a blend of military prowess and a more administrative approach, especially notable under leaders like Genghis Khan and his successors, who implemented a codified set of laws known as the "Yassa." This legal framework streamlined governance across the vast expanses of the empire and facilitated efficient administration over conquered peoples. The Mongols also encouraged trade and communication, but the core of their governance relied on maintaining law and ensuring effective administration rather than merely focusing on conquest or mobility.

This understanding highlights the differing priorities and methodologies of governance between the two empires, making the characterization of the Mongol emphasis on law and administration against the Roman focus on mobility particularly pertinent.