Who is referred to as a conquistador?

The term "conquistador" specifically refers to Spanish explorers and soldiers during the Age of Exploration, particularly in the 15th to 17th centuries. These individuals were known for exploring and conquering parts of the Americas, motivated primarily by the desire for wealth, land, and glory.

Conquistadors played a crucial role in the Spanish colonization of the New World, with famous figures such as Hernán Cortés, who conquered the Aztec Empire, and Francisco Pizarro, who subdued the Inca Empire. Their expeditions led to significant territorial expansion for Spain, along with substantial interactions (often violent) with indigenous populations.

In contrast, the other choices do not align with the defined role of a conquistador. Native American leaders were generally resisting colonization or leading their societies, while European merchant traders focused on commerce rather than conquest. Spanish government officials were responsible for administration rather than exploration in the field, distinguishing their roles from those of conquistadors.