Who was the immensely wealthy ruler famous for his pilgrimage to Mecca and expansion of the Mali Empire?

Mansa Musa was the immensely wealthy ruler of the Mali Empire, known for his significant pilgrimage to Mecca, which took place in the 14th century. His journey, which occurred in 1324, is renowned not only for its grandeur but also for the vast wealth he displayed during the pilgrimage. Mansa Musa traveled with a large entourage, distributing gold generously along the way, which showcased the empire's wealth and raised global awareness of Mali's prominence.

His rule is marked by the expansion of the Mali Empire, which became one of the largest and richest empires in West Africa. Mansa Musa's administration promoted trade, culture, and education, with significant investments in cities like Timbuktu, turning it into a major center of learning and commerce. His pilgrimage left a lasting impact on the Islamic world and contributed to the spread of Islam in West Africa.

The other individuals do not fit this context: Genghis Khan and Kublai Khan were Mongol leaders known for their military conquests across Asia and parts of Europe, while Harun al-Rashid was an Abbasid caliph whose reign is associated with the height of the Islamic Golden Age but did not lead a pilgrimage akin to Mansa Musa's. Thus, Mansa Musa